Religious Freedoms

Case List

Establishment Clause

Everson v. Board of Education (1947)
Zorach v. Clauson (1952)
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Epperson v. Arkansas (1966)

The Lemon Test

Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris (2002)

Establishment Clause in Schools

Stone v. Graham (1980)
Wallace v. Jaffree (1985)
Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe (2000)

Establishment Clause in the Public Square

Alleghany County v. Pittsburgh ACLU (1989)
McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky et al. (2005)
Van Orden v. Perry (2005)
American Legion v. American Humanist Assn. (2019)

Prayer at Government Meetings

Marsh v. Chambers (1983)
Town of Greece v. Galloway (2014)

Sunday Blue Laws

McGowan v. Maryland (1961)

Free Exercise Clause: Valid Secular Policy

Reynolds v. U.S. (1879)
Cantwell v. Connecticut (1940)
Braunfeld v. Brown (1961)

Free Exercise Clause: Applying Strict Scrutiny

Sherbert v. Verner (1963)
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
Goldman v. Weinberger (1987)

Free Exercise Clause: The Smith Test

Oregon v. Smith (1990)
Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah (1993)

A New Era?

Burwell v. Hobby Lobby (2013)
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. CO (2018)
Tandon v. Newsom (2021)
Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue (2020)
Fulton v. Philadelphia (2021)
Kennedy v. Bremerton School District (2022)