Justices Serving on the Court 1970 – 1989

The following figures and tables include the names of the Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn scores for the indicated year. Each table also includes the name of the appointing President, the President’s party affiliation and the years each Justice served on the Court. The first Justice listed is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

1970

Bar Graph 1970

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1970

Justices serving on the Court, 1970
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.133 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 1.462 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Black 0.089 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1937-1971
Harlan 0.689 Eisenhower Republican 1954-1971
Stewart 0.459 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -0.948 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.983 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Brennan -0.936 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.605 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1970
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.378 -0.52

1971

Bar Graph 1971

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1971

Justices serving on the Court, 1971
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.637 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 1.629 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Powell 1.398 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.092 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -1.082 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.408 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 3.578 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -1.183 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.752 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1971
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.637 -0.03

1972

Bar Graph 1972

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1972

Justices serving on the Court, 1972
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.968 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 1.441 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Powell 1.175 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.135 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -1.37 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.201 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 3.996 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -1.413 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.782 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1972
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.944 -0.07

Richardson v. Wright (1972)

Gravel v. United States (1972)

1973

Bar Graph 1973

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1973

Justices serving on the Court, 1973
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.563 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 1.301 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Powell 1.16 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.489 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -1.475 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.212 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.266 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -1.733 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.821 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1973
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.61 -0.12

Roe v. Wade (1973)

1974

Bar Graph 1974

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1974

Justices serving on the Court, 1974
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.606 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 1.032 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Powell 1.099 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.354 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -1.495 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.121 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.357 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -1.929 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.89 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1974
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.614 -0.19

De Funis v. Odegaard (1974)

United States v. Nixon (1974)

1975

Bar Graph 1975

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1975

Justices serving on the Court, 1975
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.492 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 0.848 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens 0.083 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.926 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.488 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -2.049 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.981 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.473 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.428 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Douglas -7.893 F.D. Roosevelt Democrat 1939-1975
Chief Justice, 1975
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.489 -0.36

1976

Bar Graph 1976

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1976

Justices serving on the Court, 1976
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.345 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 0.676 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.176 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.677 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.472 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -2.382 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.925 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.444 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.659 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1976
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.474 0.37

Michelin Tire Corp v. Wages (1976)

National League of Cities v. Usery (1976)

1977

Bar Graph 1977

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1977

Justices serving on the Court, 1977
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.008 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 0.322 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.081 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.46 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.314 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -2.708 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.533 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.458 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.665 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1977
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.234 0.18

Nixon v. Administrator of General Services (1977)

Hunt v. WA State Apple Advertising Commission (1977)

Complete Auto Transit v. Brady (1977)

1978

Bar Graph 1978

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1978

Justices serving on the Court, 1978
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White -0.051 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 0.144 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.302 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.833 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.511 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -3.064 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.41 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.486 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.574 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1978
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.156 0.15

Allied Steel Co. v. Spannaus (1978)

Penn Central Transportation Co. v. City of New York (1978)

1979

Bar Graph 1979

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1979

Justices serving on the Court, 1979
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.246 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.047 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.243 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.823 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.48 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -3.337 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.247 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.517 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.485 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1979
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.239 0.13

1980

Bar Graph 1980

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1980

Justices serving on the Court, 1980
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.218 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.077 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.224 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.872 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
Stewart 0.73 Eisenhower Republican 1958-1981
Marshall -3.485 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.512 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.374 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.347 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1980
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.224 0.17

Fullilove v. Klutznick (1980)

Agins v. City of Tiburon (1980)

1981

Bar Graph 1981

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1981

Justices serving on the Court, 1981
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.263 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.243 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.22 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 1.034 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.657 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -3.621 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.693 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.232 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.34 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1981
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.263 0.27

Dames & Moore v. Regan (1981)

1982

Bar Graph 1982

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1982

Justices serving on the Court, 1982
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.668 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.3 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.531 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 1.255 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.805 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -3.796 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.579 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.16 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.12 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1982
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.667 0.30

Nixon v. Fitzgerald (1982)

Harlow v. Fitzgerald (1982)

1983

Bar Graph 1983

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1983

Justices serving on the Court, 1983
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 0.897 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun 0.029 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.508 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 1.127 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.765 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -3.888 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 1.807 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 4.061 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.442 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1983
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.875 0.32

Exxon Corp v. Eagerton (1983)

Energy Reserves Group v. Kansas Power and Light (1983)

1984

Bar Graph 1984

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1984

Justices serving on the Court, 1984
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 1.082 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.075 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.463 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.851 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.577 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -3.963 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.112 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 3.835 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.583 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1984
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.824 0.26

Pennhurst State School and Hospital v. Halderman (1984)

Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff (1984)

1985

Bar Graph 1985

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1985

Justices serving on the Court, 1985
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
White 1.299 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.691 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.457 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.94 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.371 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -4.083 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Burger 2.225 Nixon Republican 1969-1986
Rehnquist 3.627 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.549 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1985
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Burger 0.93 0.19

Garcia v. SAMTA (1985)

1986

Bar Graph 1986

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1986

Justices serving on the Court, 1986
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
Scalia 1.392 Reagan Republican 1986-2016
White 1.271 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.828 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.594 Ford Republican 1975-2010
Powell 0.883 Nixon Republican 1971-1987
O’Connor 1.451 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -4.278 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Rehnquist 3.354 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.802 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1986
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Rehnquist 0.875 -0.02

Maine v. Taylor (1986)

1987

Bar Graph 1987

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1987

Justices serving on the Court, 1987
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
Kennedy 1.223 Reagan Republican 1987-2018
Scalia 1.641 Reagan Republican 1986-2016
White 1.029 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.888 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.485 Ford Republican 1975-2010
O’Connor 1.615 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -4.425 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Rehnquist 2.9 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -2.92 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1987
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Rehnquist 0.974 -0.03

Keystone Bituminous Coal Association v. DeBenedictis (1987)

First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. Los Angeles County (1987)

Nollan v. California Coastal Commission (1987)

1988

Bar Graph 1988

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1988

Justices serving on the Court, 1988
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
Kennedy 1.485 Reagan Republican 1987-2018
Scalia 1.812 Reagan Republican 1986-2016
White 1.112 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.924 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.583 Ford Republican 1975-2010
O’Connor 1.539 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -4.483 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Rehnquist 2.775 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -3.077 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1988
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Rehnquist 1.094 -0.04

Morrison v. Olson (1988)

1989

Bar Graph 1989

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1989

Justices serving on the Court, 1989
Justice Mean President Party of President Years Served
Kennedy 1.354 Reagan Republican 1987-2018
Scalia 1.991 Reagan Republican 1986-2016
White 0.883 Kennedy Democrat 1961-1993
Blackmun -0.857 Nixon Republican 1969-1994
Stevens -0.997 Ford Republican 1975-2010
O’Connor 1.537 Reagan Republican 1981-2006
Marshall -4.465 Johnson Democrat 1967-1991
Rehnquist 2.624 Nixon Republican 1971-2005
Brennan -3.176 Eisenhower Republican 1956-1990
Chief Justice, 1989
Chief Justice Median Court Score
Rehnquist 0.88 -0.12

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