Appendix B. Chemical Abbreviations and Equations
Understanding the physiology and anatomy of the human body also requires understanding chemistry. Different chemicals and chemical reactions play a vital role in how our body functions. The below tables provide a list of different chemical names, and chemical equations that appear throughout the text for you to reference.
Table B1
Organs, organ systems, and the body as a whole make use of hundreds of different chemicals for various different processes and functions. Table B1 provides a list of the names and abbreviations of some chemicals featured throughout the book.
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Amino | NH2 |
| Ammonium ion | NH4+ |
| Ammonia | NH3 |
| Bicarbonate | HCO3– |
| Calcium | Ca2+ |
| Carbaminohaemoglobin | HbCO2 |
| Carbon dioxide | CO2 |
| Carbonic acid | H2CO3 |
| Carboxyl | COOH |
| Chloride | Cl– |
| Dihydrogen phosphate ion | H2PO4– |
| Glucose | C6H12O6 |
| Haemoglobin | Hb |
| Hydrogen | H+ |
| Hydroxyl | OH– |
| Iron | Fe2+ |
| Magnesium | Mg2+ |
| Nitric Oxide | NO |
| Oxygen | O2 |
| Oxyhaemoglobin | Hb-O2 |
| Phosphate | PO43- |
| Potassium | K+ |
| Sodium | Na+ |
| Sodium bicarbonate | NaHCO3 |
| Sodium Chloride | NaCl |
| Sodium dihydrogen phosphate | Na2H2PO4– |
| Urea | CH2N2O |
| Water | H2O |
Table B2
In addition to the names of different chemicals, the book also includes several important chemical equations. Table B2 provides a select listing of some of the equations found throughout the text.
| Chapter | Equation |
|---|---|
| Chapter 26.4: Acid-Base Balance | HCO3– + H+ ↔ H2CO3 ↔ CO2 + H2O |
| Chapter 26.4: Acid-Base Balance | HCl + Na2H2PO4 → Na2H2PO4 + NaCl |
| Chapter 26.4: Acid-Base Balance | NaOH + Na2H2PO4 → Na2H2PO4 + H2O |
| Chapter 26.4: Acid-Base Balance | NaHCO3 + HCl → H2CO3 + NaCl |
| Chapter 26.4: Acid-Base Balance | H2CO3 + NaOH → HCO3– + H2O |
| Chapter 22.5: Transport of Gases | Hb + O2 ↔ Hb-O2 |
| Chapter 22.5: Transport of Gases | CO2 + Hb ↔ HbCO2 |
